
Bach is Difficult! A Live Q&A for Curious Pianists

Join Dominic today to discuss the music of Bach! Bring your questions, problems and more to get answers and solutions!
Please note the change of time to 12:00pm PT!
Leave any questions below in the chat!
Follow this event link to tune in!
https://app.tonebase.co/piano/live/player/pno-bach-solutions-2025
We are going to be using this thread to gather suggestions and questions!
- What questions do you have on this topic?
- Any particular area you would like me to focus on?
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I wonder if you can speak to the role of extemporazation in Bach (and other Baroque composers), as to both ornamentation and rhythm. For example, when is unwritten ornamentation too much or improper; and am I allowed to decide to prolong the dot after a note while shortening the corresponding following note?
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There is a small ornament I would like to play in the Bb Major Prelude from book 2 of the WTC . It's a simple little 3 note shake which I believe would be described as an inverted mordant on the first G in triplet appearing at Beat 3 of Measure 2 (circled in RED in the attached PDF).
I can execute it fairly easily when simply playing it by itself in 1 hand, but in the context of playing the piece with both hands, my RH hand seems to lock up on this ornament. I have to push through the lock-up and it results in a *hitch* in performing the ornament.
For the life of me, I can’t figure out what I am doing differently with my hand when I play the preceding notes. I suspect that the culprit may be the little Turn I do on the Eb in the soprano, beat 4 of Measure 1 (circled in green), but I cannot ascertain what it would be doing to my hand to cause it to lock up when I arrive at this problematical ornament.
I've also uploaded a short video illustrating my hand position when playing the ornament (a) alone, and (b) in context of the other notes.
Any feedback would be most welcome!
P.S. These sessions are really great and I always learn so much from Dominic's advice to myself and the other pianists.
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I posted my questions in another thread but will copy it here.
I have a general question about tempo. In the past, I tend to rush through a piece and try to play at a fast tempo before I am ready. I started practicing at a very slow tempo so I will get all the rhythm and note correctly. I watch your other livestream where you talk about practicing close to your goal tempo with very short section, like 1-2 bars at a time. When I try to do the fast tempo, that is when I realize some of the fingering would not work. Now I have to go back and re-learn the new fingering. And it sounds worse than before and I feel like I am not making much progress. I cannot even get through a few bars at a time.
Question:
1. What practice tempo do you recommend in the early stage of learning a piece? Do you go back and forth with slow, moderate and fast every time you practice?
2. This is my first WTC prelude and fugue (WTC book 2 G major). What tempo do you recommend? I heard some insanely fast tempo and there is no way to get even close.
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Hi Dominic,
thank you so much for getting to my Bach question last tuesday. You helped a lot also with some general remarks and about the pedal. It's totally true, one should aim to use it very elaborately. Some think it's strictly forbidden because Bach himself didn't have one. But to transport the very heart and idea of the music, it might be considered not smart to not make use of what you have at hand (or at foot, to say so) for that purpose. It is true that it is all too easy to water the often astonishingly elegant voice leading with the pedal. And drown incredible details in resonance.
But it is also true that skillful use can help to maintain just exactly those magic integrities of the most beautiful lines intertwining as delicate as profoundly, weaving a tapestry of such grace ...
Here's an example of incredible french Eloïse Bella Kohn playing strictly no pedal - but then she has most beautiful room acoustics - that act like a constant half or at least quarter pedal ;)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x1cQ3ACE_n0
Skillful pedal use by russian Daniil Trifonof; the video visualized his search for an ending, which was his "corona lockdown" project. As with any ending he took some criticism for it, i personally find it heartwarmingly beautiful.
He also makes it very clear where Bachs original score ends and his contribution begins by switching into a most dreamy una corda that bears a touch of "what could have been".
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lDAqyl6C-Do
Another great ending i find Netherlands Bach Society, also on YT - very interesting approach of a mixed instruments and voices recording. Fun fact: German cellist Hans-Eberhard Dentler sais he found evidence of a riddle hidden in the scores by Bach, which he believes to be about the intended instrumentation (but to my knowledge has not been resolved yet). He identified Pythagorean and Archimedean symbols in the original score suggesting a further concealed riddle.
So no specific question today although i could think of several. Lastly what i can contribute, don't shy from altering a fingering if you feel it helps with the voicing. Sometimes (and sometimes after years) a fingering change even comes naturally as you grow more and more into it and feel by heart that it sounds just better that way :)
I'm only a hobbyist (audio engineer really) practicing mostly for my own enjoyment. It helps me like meditation, mentally cleansing. Thank you Dominic and everyone for this great community :)
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Hello Dominic, firstly, I traded in my Schimmel upright, which I loved, for a Grotrian-Steinweg grand, which arrives on the Isle of Wight tomorrow morning! They're called Grotrian in the States after the legal case taken by Steinway and Sons that the Steinweg name was too close to Steinway. The closeness in the name is because Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg started the Steinweg company in Germany in 1835, and sold it on when he moved to the States with most of his large family, and anglicised his name to Henry Steinway. He left the piano factory in Germany to his eldest son, C F Theodor Steinweg. The connection between Grotrian and Steinweg was there from the start, as the first piano built by Steinweg was a square piano, designed by and built for Friedrick Grotrian. The subsequent development of the respective companies is quite complex but an interesting read, if anyone is interested in how the respective Steinway and Grotrian-Steinweg came to be.
Secondly, I have changed my position on melodic minor scales. My previous position was that there was little point practising them (a lot) as the upwards scale just requires a simple change from major to minor third, and on the way down it's the same as the relative major, except it starts on the 6th note of the scale, so the same fingering applies as the relative major scale.
However, I then realised that the position above works for flute because the fingerings don't change as it's a single-line instrument, but the melodic scale on the piano requires different fingerings in different directions. Therefore, I have incorporated melodic minors into my scales practice, via the formula pattern (Sara Davis Buecher), which I think you have called 'the Grand form'. They are quite steady presently due to the sections of contrary motion, i.e., playing the two different sets of 6ths and 7ths at the same time.
Enough!
Thirdly, in relation to the current livestream topic, my questions are about fingering in Bach. Please see the attached pdf. My question is about Measure 16, where I am using 1 and 3 in succession at the start of the bar. I can't think of any other way to do this. Any suggestions? My second question is theoretical as it relates to (not) using the thumb in Bach, which I understand was how early music was played. My attempts to play without using my thumb means I have to keep making breaks, which is similar to my solution for the first two 'chords' of bar 16. Has anyone ever tried to replicate the older fingering techniques and would they produce a more authentic sound quality?
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I'm trying to better understand when to use legato or non-legato articulation in Bach, especially on the modern piano. For example, in the Preludes from the English Suites No. 2 and No. 3, I've noticed that many pianists tend to use a light non-legato touch. But in slower, more lyrical movements—like the Sarabande, or the Prelude from Partita No. 1, or a French-style Allemande—it seems more appropriate to play legato or at least with a more connected touch.
I’ve also heard that within a single piece (like the English Suite No. 2 or 3 Prelude), you don’t necessarily use non-legato throughout—you might choose more legato in some phrases depending on the musical shape.
Someone mentioned a "rule of thumb" that if there are more than three notes in a row, you tend to use non-legato. But that seems overly simplistic, and I imagine there's more nuance involved.
So my question is:
How do you decide when to use legato or non-legato in Bach on the piano? Are there any stylistic or musical principles (beyond general rules of thumb) that can help guide these articulation choices? -
Thank you for today Dominic ! What a fantastic livestream. Admittedly, I don't play a ton of Bach or Baroque music but you left me (and others I'm sure) feeling inspired! I've settled on Bach's Partita in C minor, the Sarabande so I'll take into consideration the advice you gave today and will look forward to any follow-up livestreams on the topic.