Anyone like to improvise?

Hi. I have always had a desire to be able to sit at the piano and just play - without knowing what I will play. It seems to be a daunting task, but since I found a great teacher who was classically trained before becoming a professional jazz pianist, I have made some progress. When I don’t feel like practicing I sit at the piano and play a simple chord sequence - for example Fm7, Bbm7, Cm7, Fm7 - and find notes and phrases that sound good to me.

 

Does anyone else improvise or plan to learn how to? It would be good to share ideas.

57 replies

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    • Unfrozen Barroom Piano Player
    • Peter_G
    • 4 wk ago
    • Reported - view

    Improvising has been my main way of playing the piano for my whole life.  I'd love to know what other folks are doing on ToneBase with improvisation, and to trade notes, ideas, comments and performances.  

    I play mostly standards and pop tunes, but nothing's safe from my giving it a try.  Here are a few samples of my playing that I've used in some ToneBase events.

    Heart and Soul (Hoagy Carmichael)  (with some help from Herman's Hermits):

    https://youtu.be/MoouZkDanek

    Bewitched  (Rodgers and Hart)  from a ToneBase Halloween Community Concert (in which I'm experimenting with trying to incorporate a riff from the F# minor Fugue from Book 2 of the Well Tempered Clavier that I was working on at the time, as well as to quote a riff from a piece that one of the other Tonebase participants was working on) :

    https://youtu.be/9X73-B607xg

    Sleigh Ride (Leroy Anderson & Mitchell Parish)  - as recorded for a ToneBase Winter holiday concert:

    https://youtu.be/AWuTHCdvgpA

    I have hundreds of audio only recordings that I've made over the years.  Just starting to experiment with video after joining ToneBase.  the App I'm using is LumaFusion - it's very inexpensive and allows you to include fade in and out of up to 6 different video sources if you can find enough devices to film them.

      • Unfrozen Barroom Piano Player
      • Peter_G
      • 3 wk ago
      • Reported - view

       Hi Ken.  first, thanks for the feedback on my little improvisational forays on these tunes!

      Secondly, yes, I understand what you're talking about and can hear from your video exactly what you're doing with the I -IV chords in that case.  It leads to some very nice and beautiful sounds (worthy of a Note to Self: retain and develop!) and it also helps one to learn what doesn't work (Note to Self: avoid!).

      Regarding your description in the comment above, I had a couple of questions. First, I note that you've designated an A+7 (i.e. an augmented dominant) as your VI chord.  Is that the default chord that you would use in this setting?  I ask because I would tend to default to the diatonic Am7, and use other characters (dominant, augmented, altered] as available substitutes.

      Next, regarding your 'jazz natural minor' scales, --I'm not quite up to speed on some of this terminology. Do these scales employ the natural 6th and natural 7th, or is it the natural 6th and flat 7th? e.g. in your D minor scale is it a C natural or a C#, and similarly in the Bb minor scale is it an Ab or an A natural? [understanding that these are defaults which one is free to vary] 

      My hesitation about totally unstructured extemporizing is that, among other things, it might not allow for distinguishing strong beats from weak beats.  This could be important in determining whether a particular sound is naughty or nice. e.g. when you play an Ab note over the EbMaj7 chord -- it could be more permissible on a weak beat as e.g. a suspension or passing tone (especially if you left out the g in the LH at that moment), and perhaps less acceptable as a resolution on a strong beat, where it might clash with your home key harmony (i.e. the EbMaj.7 chord in that case). 

      A melody provides a target down beat and a skeletal structure for the improv, which can be useful when you are ready to utilize some of the lessons learned from the more free-form extemporizing.

      • Ken_Radford
      • 3 wk ago
      • Reported - view

       Hi Peter.

      Thanks for your questions. My go-to VI in a II-V-I-VI sequence is the augmented 7th. I feel that the notes of the JMM scale give it a little lift - more so than the notes that would accompany the diatonic m7.

      The Jazz Melodic Minor scale has a flat 3 and every other note natural, so my D JMM has D, E, F, G, A, B, C#, D.

      As you point out, distinguishing the strong from the weak beats is one of my many challenges.

      Here is an example of a few choruses of a II-V-I-VI in C Major. On the first chorus I use G7 with a natural 9 (F A B E) with D JMM in the melody. In the subsequent choruses i use a flat 9 (F Ab B E) with G diminished in the melody.

      • Mark_Cooper
      • 3 wk ago
      • Reported - view

       

      my contribution to noodling around on C major 6-2-5-1 progression 

      the V chord I either play conventional rootless voicing and play myxolydian or bebop scale , or altered dominant voicing where I would use the G dominant altered scale which is the same as Aflat melodic minor but started on G

      for the V1 chord it’s mostly altered dominant , using the altered dominant scale , which is actually the same as Bflat ascending melodic minor but starting on A ( I think you use that Bflat melodic minor)

      in general I try not to think of playing scales but rather choosing appropriate notes 

      interesting you use the d melodic minor , it gives a slightly ‘out’ feel which is nice , I guess the Csharp in that scale if used over the G dominant chord results in a Lydian dominant scale 

      I try to use chromatic approaches as much as possible and I’ve thrown in there a few learned licks 

       

      Noodling on C major 6-2-5-1

       

      https://youtu.be/G9iaaZu8M7o?si=87EjxaYInbZn7MXO

      • Ken_Radford
      • 2 wk ago
      • Reported - view

       Nice noodling Mark. Your left hand supports your right very well, and I like the scales you use. I am struggling to get away from my natural instinct to fix the LH rhythm to a set pattern - rather to have the LH adapt to support the RH, which is what you do.

      You are right about the leading tone in the JMM scale sounding a bit “out”. When I started using it (the C# in D JMM for example) I used to wince 😬 only to have my teacher tell me that “it’s because you’re not used to hearing it.” He was right of course and I no longer wince when I hear it: I have graduated to wincing at other things.

      • Mark_Cooper
      • 2 wk ago
      • Reported - view

       Hi Ken

      i thought of a useful exercise for us , and anyone else who might be interested 

      since we both noodled around in C major 2-5-1-6 , why don’t we do the same in all 12 keys? 
      say one key per month going around the circle of 5ths , posting our progress along the way 

      if we are ambitious we could do the minor keys concurrently, or alternatively in the following cycle 

      what do you think ?

      • Ken_Radford
      • 2 wk ago
      • Reported - view

       I think it’s a great idea. Mark. Clockwise or anti-clockwise?

      • Mark_Cooper
      • 2 wk ago
      • Reported - view

       I prefer C to F to Bflat etc I guess that’s anticlockwise

      perhaps just major keys to begin 

      we can do the minor ones later but up to you 

      • Ken_Radford
      • 2 wk ago
      • Reported - view

       Deal. Anticlockwise it is. I am happy to do the relative minor as well. Why don’t we finish off this month with the ii-v-i in A minor before moving on to F Major and D minor next month.

      • Mark_Cooper
      • 2 wk ago
      • Reported - view

       didn’t think of that ! The relative minor , makes sense.

      ok we will do A minor before the end of the month 

    • Mark_Cooper
    • 10 days ago
    • Reported - view

    My discussion and analysis of the A minor 2-5-1 progression 

    I forgot to mention that in the improv , I include an A minor descending pentatonic line 

     

    please note , as a correction, when I talk about the E altered dominant chord , I shouldn’t be referring to this as a major chord , rather simply as a dominant chord 

     

    A minor 2-5-1

    https://youtu.be/nugVyTgW-S0?si=gT-UJOtPBPzkafqh

      • Ken_Radford
      • 9 days ago
      • Reported - view

       I like your approach Mark. Your introduction and explanation of what will follow - chords and scales - is excellent. I will follow your lead and record my ii-v-i-vi/VI) tomorrow. Where you use the minor 6 F chord, watch out for how I squeeze in a Major 6 (A+7). 
      Onwards and upwards!

      • Unfrozen Barroom Piano Player
      • Peter_G
      • 8 days ago
      • Reported - view

       very nice Mark.  I like that you slipped into "The Shadow of Your Smile" at the end.  It's a natural for these voicings and scales you are using.

    • Akzent oder Diminuendo? • Hanon/Herz student
    • Maria_F
    • 10 days ago
    • Reported - view

    Tonebase has a course by John Mortensen called Invitation to Historical Improvisation, which is an introduction to realizing partimenti and using partimento principles to improvise Vienese/Baroque-style pieces. I know that the original post was jazz-focused, but I hope someone finds my recommendation helpful!

    • Vicki_R
    • 9 days ago
    • Reported - view

    Does anyone know a good book or course on how to create jazz soloing lines,   with models that one can study?  A 'good' book or course  implies progressive models or demonstrations of jazz lines - especially the articulation and rhythm , that one can study in detail  and build gradually on.  Thank you

      • Mark_Cooper
      • 9 days ago
      • Reported - view

       Hi Vicki, there are plenty of courses and books out there including material here on tonebase.

      but I think that it’s very difficult learning jazz lines from books and courses . My personal opinion is that there is no substitute for listening to recordings and transcribing solos and licks .

      my recommendation as a starting point is to listen to the last 4 Prestige albums of the Miles Davis quintet , 1956. ( workin, steamin,relaxin,cookin)

      there is fantastic material here, lots of American song book standards. I would listen carefully to each instrument.

      Beyond that , I would transcribe portions of the wynton  Kelly and Miles Davis solos from Freddie Freeloader, the first track from the Kind of Blue album. The lines are relatively simple and easy to follow I think, once you’ve learned them you can try playing along with the recordings which is a great exercise 
       

      hope this helps 

      • Akzent oder Diminuendo? • Hanon/Herz student
      • Maria_F
      • 9 days ago
      • Reported - view

       I know this might be irrelevant, and I am coming from a strictly classical perspective, but I imagine that learning, or at least being familiar with, partimenti, figured bass, and basso continuo could be helpful. However, I may not understand the question as I don't know if Viennese-style classical training teaches jazz terminology, so disregard this if it is completely irrelevant. 

      • Unfrozen Barroom Piano Player
      • Peter_G
      • 8 days ago
      • Reported - view

       Maria, I agree with you that jazz players have a lot to learn from Partimento. Partimento was a whole system of harmonization and improvisation that made it unnecessary for composers to have to write out all the parts of a piece, because there was an existing system (i.e. Partimento) that the player could use to fill in the blanks and vary it to taste.

      Tonebase has a 3 excellent courses on this by John Mortensen (search for his last name on the home page search bar and they will pop up).  I've been studying them with the objective of incorporating some of these ideas into my improvisations.  (still have a long way to go there!)

      Also Derek Remes has two excellent courses on this methodology, "Reverse Engineering Bach" and "Bach's Compositional Methods" . which are also relevant to this subject.   He has two great books called "The Art of Preluding" which I purchased, and a "Compendium of Voice Leading Patterns"  which I downloaded free from his Web site which have also taught me a lot about the Baroque methodology.

      • Unfrozen Barroom Piano Player
      • Peter_G
      • 8 days ago
      • Reported - view

       Hi Vicki, the workbooks to Jeremy Siskind's Intro to Jazz course that I mentioned elsewhere in this thread have some written out solo lines and exercises.  I've used a book called the Jazz Piano Book by Mark Levine that many Berklee pianists consider a kind of bible for learning jazz, but it focuses very much on chords and chord voicings, which may not be that useful for you yet.

      I agree with Mark that it is very difficult to learn jazz "from the top down" by trying to derive performance ideas from theory.  

      I would suggest instead that you start from the other direction:  Start by picking out a familiar tune by ear.  Just the melody to start, and then start playing with it by adding notes here and there and stepping between the melody notes.  Then think about what chords go underneath the melody  (or check a lead sheet if you are having trouble figuring out the applicable chords). 

      That's when your theory starts to become helpful:  the concept of a "scale" can be used to give you an idea of what notes you can choose from when deviating from the melody or playing in between the melody notes, and the chords can also help with the choosing of relevant scale notes -- but your ear will also tell you what is working and what is not.

      I believe most jazz players start by picking songs and sounds out on their own, and imitating others, i.e. this is basically what "playing by ear" is all about.  Then they start to see some connections with certain notes and chords and gradually accumulate theoretical knowledge, whether by inference or by training, which helps them understand what they are doing.  That then can provide them with ideas about other things they can do.  That's how it worked for me anyway.

      Why don't you post a video of your playing something not derived from note-by-note sheet music.  --don't be shy about it! -- and then some of us can assess where you are at and make some suggestions about next steps for you.

      • Akzent oder Diminuendo? • Hanon/Herz student
      • Maria_F
      • 8 days ago
      • Reported - view

       I am glad that my suggestion was not completely irrelevant, despite my complete lack of jazz experience.

      My teacher trained me in partimento and figured bass, and while, as I said, I have never played jazz, I have heard of fake books and lead sheets and realized they seem basically like the jazz version of partimento/figured bass. I may be very wrong, however. 

      • Vicki_R
      • 8 days ago
      • Reported - view

       I greatly indebted to you as well as everyone's input on how to learn jazz improv.  I think the suggestions of using an established tune to begin with will help me greatly and then  working in different concepts over that tune as I learn them.  This is a great post - will be keeping my eye on it for the next 12 months as you rotate around the circle of fifths!

      • Unfrozen Barroom Piano Player
      • Peter_G
      • 7 days ago
      • Reported - view

       You're welcome Vicki. 

      Learning jazz is a lot less intimidating if you don't think about it as "sitting down and improvising something out of nothing".  Instead, especially starting out, just think about it as "playing something without relying on sheet music."  I would suggest a common and familiar pop song with  a clear and easily recognizable melody such as "Over the Rainbow" or a Beatle song, or if you are really just beginning, something like "happy Birthday".  See whether you can pick out the notes of the melody by trial and error. I can guarantee that that is how virtually every great jazz musician started out -- trying to play something they had heard.

      Many experienced classical players think they can't play by ear, and I always tell them they can. They are so advanced with their classical technique and reading and repertoire, that they assume that if they can't sit down and play at the same level by ear that they don't have the gift.  The truth is that it is a SKILL that you develop with practice, and you have to start at the beginning.

      • Unfrozen Barroom Piano Player
      • Peter_G
      • 7 days ago
      • Reported - view

       Maria, you are right on target.  Partimento and figured bass are absolutely the 17th-18th century version of lead sheets.  The numbers are ways of communicating to the player how they should harmonize a musical line.  With a lead sheet, the Chord symbols (C, Am, F G7, etc.) serve exactly the same purpose.  Based on these symbols in each case, the player chooses the notes and other features that fit withing those chords and harmonies designated by the symbols.. 

      Can you play from a figured bases  That would be very impressive.  I'm working on that, and getting to where I understand most of what the numbers mean, but am still a very long way from being able to play something fluently from a figured bass..  On the other hand, lead sheets  with a melody and chord symbols are like second nature to me.  It's all about whether you've worked with something enough to have learned it well.

      • Vicki_R
      • 7 days ago
      • Reported - view

       You are very encouraging Peter.  Thank you.   The tonebase Jeremy Siskind course and his books are excellent- I've been looking into it since he was mentioned in your above post.  And happy to find that he actually gives online courses twice a year (August and January).  Very much appreciate that reference as well.

      • Akzent oder Diminuendo? • Hanon/Herz student
      • Maria_F
      • 7 days ago
      • Reported - view

       Yes, I can play from figured bass. I do know what chord symbols (G7, Bsus4, F#7, etc) mean, but I actually learned figured bass first.

    • Ken_Radford
    • 9 days ago
    • Reported - view

    I agree with Mark. The only thing I will add is that finding a teacher with a classical background followed by a career in jazz will be invaluable. 

Content aside

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